By KLTV Newdesk –

Awareness Month shines spotlight on symptoms, prevention and why smear tests matter

Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer, yet it continues to affect thousands of women across the UK every year.

With online searches for “symptoms of cervical cancer” rising by 250% month on month and January marking Cervical Cancer Awareness Month, a leading GP is urging women to prioritise regular screening and be alert to warning signs.

Dr Nikita Patel, Head of Propositions at AXA Health insurance (https://www.axahealth.co.uk/) and a registered GP, explains what cervical cancer is, the symptoms to look out for and why screening remains one of the most effective tools in preventing the disease.

What you need to know about cervical cancer

Cervical cancer develops in the cells of the cervix and is most commonly caused by a long-term infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).

In most cases, the body’s immune system clears HPV naturally without causing harm. However, in some instances, the virus can persist, leading to abnormal changes in cervical cells. If left undetected and untreated, these changes can develop into cervical cancer over time.

Dr Patel explains: “Cervical cancer usually develops slowly over a number of years, which means there is a valuable window of opportunity to identify and treat abnormal cell changes before cancer develops. Most people do not even have symptoms, which is why cervical screening plays such a crucial role in prevention.”

Doctor reveals FOUR top tips for tackling smear test appointments

Despite their importance, cervical screenings can be anxiety-inducing for many due to the intimate nature of the procedure. Dr Patel says preparation can make a significant difference.

“Cervical screenings can be a nerve-racking procedure for many due to the intimate nature of the appointment. However, there are ways to prepare for the appointment to make you feel more at ease, and the procedure in itself is extremely quick and usually painless.”

Her four practical tips include:

Bring in a partner or family member

“Having a partner, family member or loved one present during your cervical screening can help combat anxiety and nerves associated with the procedure.“

Dress accordingly

“For some, undressing during the procedure can be daunting, therefore choosing what you wear can help relieve nerves and anxiety towards the procedure. If you are nervous about being exposed, opt for a skirt or dress instead of trousers on the day of your cervical screening, so you’re not completely undressed from the waist down. Remember that the more comfortable you feel, the more relaxed you will be and the quicker the procedure will be.”

Always ask questions

“If you are unsure about any part of the procedure, always ask your GP or nurse to explain what they will be doing throughout the procedure. Asking questions and being aware of the steps of the procedure can help calm nerves and prepare you for any potential discomfort that may occur.”

Speak up if you feel any pain

“Remember to always voice any pain you experience. If you feel any discomfort during your cervical screening, let your GP or nurse know immediately. Informing them of pain allows them to test more slowly, or if needed, to stop the test.”

Key advice to reduce the risk of cervical cancer

Dr Patel also outlines four key steps women can take to protect their cervical health:

Attend your cervical screening appointments

“Even if you feel well, regular screening is essential for early detection and prevention.”

Don’t ignore unusual symptoms

“Report any abnormal bleeding, pain, or discharge to your GP promptly.”

Stop or reduce smoking if possible

“Smoking can increase the risk of cervical cancer by weakening the immune system.”

Get the HPV vaccine if eligible

“The HPV vaccine offers strong protection against the most common high-risk types of HPV linked to cervical cancer.”

Nearly five million women avoid cervical screening appointments

Despite smear tests being a vital tool for detecting HPV and abnormal cervical cells, fear and misunderstanding continue to deter many women from attending.

Research by AXA Health insurance found that 38% of women believe cervical screening is required every four years, while more than one in ten (16%) admit to avoiding an appointment altogether. This equates to almost five million women across the UK missing potentially life-saving tests.

Dr Patel warns that confusion around screening schedules may be contributing to the problem.

“Cervical screening appointments need to be booked every five years after turning 25 and continue until the age of 64. Testing every five years allows your healthcare professional to detect and monitor any changes to the cells in your cervix.”

As awareness grows this January, health experts hope more women will feel empowered to attend screenings and seek medical advice early — a step that could save thousands of lives each year.